From Partnership to Panic: How Misinformation Distorted Japan’s Africa City Initiative (TICAD 9)
Prof. Habib Al Badawi The Architecture of Misunderstanding The “Partner City” initiative, conceived as a cornerstone of Japan’s soft diplomatic engagement with Africa through the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), represented an ambitious yet fundamentally modest vision of international cooperation. By establishing formal partnerships between four Japanese municipalities—Nagai, Kisarazu, Sanjo, and Imabari—and the …








